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Environmental and Energy Brief
Perspectives for the Environmental and Energy Community
EPA Updates Clean Air Act Standards Applicable to Small Waste Incinerators
On June 30, 2025, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized updates to its New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Emission Guidelines for Other Solid Waste Incineration (OSWI) units under the Clean Air Act (CAA). These units — combustion systems that incinerate solid waste from commercial or institutional sources not otherwise regulated under specific incinerator categories — include very small municipal waste combustors and institutional incinerators. The final rule includes applicability-related and definitional changes expanding the class of incinerators subject to NSPS, revises the OSWI subcategories and tightens emission limits for key pollutants. It also adopts changes to startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM), and expands testing, monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements that will affect both existing and new OSWI units.
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Samuel B. Boxerman
Washington, D.C.
sboxerman@sidley.com
Brittany A. Bolen
Washington, D.C.
bbolen@sidley.com
Brooklyn Hildebrandt
Los Angeles
bhildebrandt@sidley.com
FERC Accelerates Natural Gas Infrastructure Expansion Through Key Waivers and Rulemaking
On January 20, 2025, President Donald J. Trump issued Executive Order No. 14156, Declaring a National Energy Emergency, which directed federal agencies to “identify and use all relevant lawful emergency and other authorities available to them to expedite the completion of all authorized and appropriated infrastructure [and] energy . . . projects.” On June 18, 2025, in alignment with this Executive Order and in response to two petitions filed by the Interstate Natural Gas Association of America (“INGAA”), the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) advanced a package of regulatory actions aimed at accelerating the development of natural gas infrastructure.
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Kenneth W. Irvin
Washington, D.C.
kirvin@sidley.com
Samuel B. Boxerman
Washington, D.C.
sboxerman@sidley.com
Nicole E. Noëlliste
Washington, D.C.
nnoelliste@sidley.com
Grace Dickson Gerbas
Dallas
gdicksongerbas@sidley.com
Zev N. Falik
New York
zev.falik@sidley.com
California Proposes Adding Microplastics to Candidate Chemicals List – Comment Period Open Through August 4, 2025
The California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) has proposed to amend its Safer Consumer Products (SCP) regulations by adding microplastics to the Candidate Chemicals List (Cal. Code Regs., tit. 22, § 69502.2). While this proposed action does not impose immediate compliance obligations, it has substantial implications because once microplastics are listed as Candidate Chemicals, DTSC may identify consumer products containing microplastics as Priority Products. The identification of a Priority Product triggers requirements under California law for manufacturers and entities throughout the supply chain, who must assess alternative product formulations and are subject to response measures prescribed by DTSC.
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Maureen F. Gorsen
Century City
maureen.gorsen@sidley.com
Caleb J. Bowers
Los Angeles
cbowers@sidley.com
Brooklyn Hildebrandt
Los Angeles
bhildebrandt@sidley.com
Sophia E. Wallach
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposes to Reissue and Modify Nationwide Permits
On June 18, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that would reissue 56 of its existing Nationwide Permits (NWPs), introduce one new NWP, and make targeted modifications to the scope of certain NWPs and their terms. Key updates include a new NWP for fish passage improvements and changes to reflect recent litigation outcomes — including rescinding Florida’s program authorization and the NWPs for finfish and (in part) shellfish mariculture activities — as well as clarifying the trigger for state water quality certification under Section 401. The Corps also proposes, among other changes, an express prohibition on combining acreage limits when using more than one NWP to purportedly authorize a greater impact, and requiring restoration of areas affected by construction mats.
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Samuel B. Boxerman
Washington, D.C.
sboxerman@sidley.com
Peter Whitfield
Washington, D.C.
pwhitfield@sidley.com
Caleb J. Bowers
Los Angeles
cbowers@sidley.com
California Proposes Expanding Safer Consumer Products Regulations Under SB 502
On June 6, 2025, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) issued a Notice of Proposed Action to amend the Safer Consumer Products (SCP) Regulations. These proposed amendments implement Senate Bill (SB) 502 and expand public access to DTSC’s regulatory process. Among other changes, the proposal creates a pathway for public petitions to result directly in regulatory action, bypassing the traditional Alternatives Analysis process.
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Maureen F. Gorsen
Century City
maureen.gorsen@sidley.com
Leena Dai
Washington, D.C.
leena.dai@sidley.com
Supreme Court Issues Split Rulings on Clean Air Act Venue Disputes
On June 18, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court issued decisions in two significant Clean Air Act cases — EPA v. Calumet Shreveport Refining and Oklahoma v. EPA — clarifying the appropriate venue for legal challenges to certain final EPA actions. In Calumet, the Court held that EPA’s universal denials of small-refinery-exemption (SRE) petitions under the Renewable Fuel Standard program were “based on a determination of nationwide scope or effect,” and thus challenges may only be brought in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. By contrast, the Court in Oklahoma held that challenges to EPA’s disapproval of State Implementation Plans (SIPs) belong in the applicable regional circuit courts because the agency’s determinations were based on facts and rationales unique to each state. Although some gray areas remain, the twin decisions put several long-standing venue issues to rest and should encourage quicker resolution of Clean Air Act regulatory challenges.
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Peter Whitfield
Washington, D.C.
pwhitfield@sidley.com
Timothy K. Webster
Washington, D.C.
twebster@sidley.com
Brittany A. Bolen
Washington, D.C.
bbolen@sidley.com
Justin A. Savage
Washington, D.C.
jsavage@sidley.com
Leena Dai
Washington, D.C.
leena.dai@sidley.com
EPA Proposes to Rescind Two Biden-EPA Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Rules
On June 11, the EPA proposed two Clean Air Act (CAA) rules that would affect fossil-fuel fired electric generating units (EGUs). One rule would repeal greenhouse gas (GHG) standards under Section 111 and the second would repeal the 2024 EPA amendments to the mercury and air toxics (MATS) standards. The proposed rules are a part of the current administration’s stated goal to promote U.S. energy by reducing regulation of the power sector. The EPA estimates that, together, the two rules will save more than $1.3 billion in regulatory costs per year. Here are five key takeaways from these proposals.
Byron F. Taylor
Chicago
btaylor@sidley.com
Samuel B. Boxerman
Washington, D.C.
sboxerman@sidley.com
Brittany A. Bolen
Washington, D.C.
bbolen@sidley.com
Hannah Posen
Chicago
hposen@sidley.com
Abigail Kuchnir
Chicago
abigail.kuchnir@sidley.com
Department of Transportation Announces a Streamlined Regulatory Exemption Process for Autonomous Vehicles
On June 13, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) announced changes to the process for exempting autonomous vehicle companies from the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) under 49 C.F.R. Part 555. Part 555 offers an important route for the sale and deployment of innovative autonomous vehicles. The recent announcement evidences a desire to speed up agency decisions on Part 555 exemptions, though the application process will continue to be a substantial undertaking.
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Adam M. Raviv
Washington, D.C.
adam.raviv@sidley.com
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Samuel B. Boxerman
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