California Proposes Expanding Safer Consumer Products Regulations Under SB 502

On June 6, 2025, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) issued a Notice of Proposed Action to amend the Safer Consumer Products (SCP) Regulations. These proposed amendments implement Senate Bill (SB) 502 and expand public access to DTSC’s regulatory process. Among other changes, the proposal creates a pathway for public petitions to result directly in regulatory action, bypassing the traditional Alternatives Analysis process.

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Supreme Court Issues Split Rulings on Clean Air Act Venue Disputes

On June 18, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court issued decisions in two significant Clean Air Act cases — EPA v. Calumet Shreveport Refining and Oklahoma v. EPA — clarifying the appropriate venue for legal challenges to certain final EPA actions. In Calumet, the Court held that EPA’s universal denials of small-refinery-exemption (SRE) petitions under the Renewable Fuel Standard program were “based on a determination of nationwide scope or effect,” and thus challenges may only be brought in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. By contrast, the Court in Oklahoma held that challenges to EPA’s disapproval of State Implementation Plans (SIPs) belong in the applicable regional circuit courts because the agency’s determinations were based on facts and rationales unique to each state. Although some gray areas remain, the twin decisions put several long-standing venue issues to rest and should encourage quicker resolution of Clean Air Act regulatory challenges.

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EPA Proposes to Rescind Two Biden-EPA Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Rules

On June 11, the EPA proposed two Clean Air Act (CAA) rules that would affect fossil-fuel fired electric generating units (EGUs).  One rule would repeal greenhouse gas (GHG) standards under Section 111 and the second would repeal the 2024 EPA amendments to the mercury and air toxics (MATS) standards.  The proposed rules are a part of the current administration’s stated goal to promote U.S. energy by reducing regulation of the power sector.  The EPA estimates that, together, the two rules will save more than $1.3 billion in regulatory costs per year.  Here are five key takeaways from these proposals.

Department of Transportation Announces a Streamlined Regulatory Exemption Process for Autonomous Vehicles

On June 13, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) announced changes to the process for exempting autonomous vehicle companies from the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) under 49 C.F.R. Part 555.  Part 555 offers an important route for the sale and deployment of innovative autonomous vehicles.  The recent announcement evidences a desire to speed up agency decisions on Part 555 exemptions, though the application process will continue to be a substantial undertaking.

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Proactive Risk Management in the Face of Opposition to Data Centers and Crypto Mining

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and cryptocurrency continues to drive unprecedented U.S. demand for energy. This acceleration is encountering an increasingly organized wave of opposition, particularly to the siting of electric generation assets required to operate data centers and crypto mining facilities. A new report from the Environmental Integrity Project (EIP), A Pollution Footprint the Size of Texas, sharply criticizes the permitting of new natural gas power plants in Texas — many of which are being built for proposed to power data centers and crypto mines.

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EPA Drops Suit Against eBay

On April 24, 2025, the United States, on behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, voluntarily dismissed the government’s appeal of a district court order rejecting claims that eBay violated the Clean Air Act (CAA), the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), and the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). This means the district court’s dismissal of the case against eBay will stand.

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Department of Energy Blocks Shutdown of Coal-Fired Power Plant and Oil- and Gas-Fired Generator Units With Federal Emergency Orders

On May 23, 2025 and May 30, 2025, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued two emergency orders under its Federal Power Act (FPA) Section 202(c) authority effectively delaying the closure of two power plants. DOE Order No. 202-25-3 (hereinafter, the Campbell Order) requires the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) and Consumers Energy to “take all measures necessary” to ensure that the 1,560 MW coal-fired J.H. Campbell Power Plant (Campbell Plant) in West Olive, Michigan — originally slated for retirement on May 31, 2025 — is “available to operate” until the expiration of the order on August 21, 2025. DOE Order No. 202-25-4 (hereinafter, the Eddystone Order) similarly requires PJM Interconnection (PJM) and Constellation Energy to keep 760 MW of oil- and gas-fired peaking capacity — also set to retire on May 31, 2025 — at the Eddystone Generation Station (Eddystone Station) in Pennsylvania available until August 28, 2025. There is also the potential of extensions of these expiration dates.

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Deregulatory Announcements at the U.S. Department of Transportation: A Sign of Bigger Things to Come?

On May 29, the U.S. Department of Transportation announced more than 50 deregulatory actions at the three operating administrations of the department that focus on road transportation: the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The Secretary of Transportation was quoted as saying, “my department is slashing duplicative and outdated regulations that are unnecessarily burdensome, waste taxpayer dollars, and fail to ensure safety.”

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<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/b/boxerman-samuel-b">Samuel B. Boxerman</a>

Samuel B. Boxerman

Washington, D.C.
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/b/brown-keturah-a">Keturah A. Brown</a>

Keturah A. Brown

Washington, D.C.
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Grace Dickson Gerbas

Dallas
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/h/healey-terence-t">Terence T. Healey</a>

Terence T. Healey

Boston
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/i/irvin-kenneth-w">Kenneth W. Irvin</a>

Kenneth W. Irvin

Washington, D.C.
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/p/polito-christopher-j">Christopher J. Polito</a>

Christopher J. Polito

Washington, D.C.
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/k/khan-casey">Casey Khan</a>

Casey Khan

Houston
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/l/lisak-michael-l">Michael L. Lisak</a>

Michael L. Lisak

Chicago
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Brittany A. Bolen

Washington, D.C.
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/h/hildebrandt-brooklyn">Brooklyn Hildebrandt</a>

Brooklyn Hildebrandt

Los Angeles
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/n/noelliste-nicole-e">Nicole E. Noëlliste</a>

Nicole E. Noëlliste

Washington, D.C.
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/p/posen-hannah">Hannah Posen</a>

Hannah Posen

Chicago
<a target=‘_blank’ href="https://www.sidley.com/en/people/r/raffetto-jack-c">Jack Raffetto</a>

Jack Raffetto

Washington, D.C.

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