On March 28, 2024, the U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) finalized three rules that increase Endangered Species Act (ESA) protections for plants and animals. The rules, which had been rescinded or changed under the Trump administration, focus on increasing protections for threatened species under the 4(d) blanket rule, increasing the processes for listing species, restoring habitat protections and designating of critical habitat, and increasing cooperation with other federal agencies. The services received approximately 468,000 public comments collectively across the three rules.

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